Provenance des prescriptions de médicaments reçues dans les officines de pharmacie du Département de Dakar / Origin of drug prescriptions received in pharmacies in the Department of Dakar

Introduction. L'accessibilité à des médicaments de qualité constitue un véritable problème de santé publique en Afrique. Cela est dû à des besoins énormes en soins de santé associés à des ressources limitées. La prescription de médicaments qui est un acte médical pour traiter les malades après avoir posé le diagnostic, est réservée aux professionnels de santé. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier la provenance des prescriptions de médicaments reçues dans les officines de Dakar. Matériels et méthodes. Il s'agit d'une étude descriptive et transversale. Elle porte sur l'exploitation de prescriptions médicales reçues dans des officines du département de Dakar. Résultats. Les résultats révèlent que plus de la moitié des prescriptions soit 61%, provient du secteur privé et 30.52% sont faites par des médecins généralistes. De plus, la classe de la parasitologie et infectiologie est la plus prescrite (18.26%). Conclusion. L'analyse de ces paramètres nous aide à mieux évaluer la situation sanitaire pour estimer les besoins en médicaments et ainsi faire des recommandations pour une meilleure accessibilité.

Introduction. Accessibility to quality drugs is a real public health problem in Africa. This is due to huge health care needs associated with limited resources. The prescription of drugs, which is a medical procedure for treating patients after having made the diagnosis is reserved for health professionals. The objective of this work is to study the origin of prescription of drugs received in the pharmacies of Dakar. Materials and methods. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It is based on the use of medical prescriptions received in pharmacies in the department of Dakar. Results. The result reveal that more than half of the prescriptions are 61%, come from the private sector and 30,52% are made by general practitioners. In addition, the class of parasitology and infectiology is the most prescribed (18,26%). Conclusion. The analysis of these parameters helps us to better assess the health situation in order to estimate the drug needs and thus make recommendations for a better accessibility.

Characteristics of oral health literacy in Senegal: A cross-sectional study among women in the Department of Pikine

Senegal having a significant prevalence of socially differentiated oral diseases, oral health literacy (OHL), an individual and social resource, should be considered alongside a remedial response. This work aimed to analyze women's OHL characteristics. A cross-sectional study on 315 women in Pikine County was carried out, using the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) for the OHL data collection and a questionnaire for the women's socioeconomic characteristics data. These women had an OHL average score of 6.5±3.1 and a median of 6. Among them, 56.5% had a seemingly low OHL level, a little over 68.9% had a score above the median as regards the "listening, communication and understanding" aspect, 58.4% to "decision making", 55.2% to "understanding numbers" and 33% to "reading and understanding". According to a multivariate analysis, secondary and higher educated women (p<0.001) with an active social network (p<0.023), in a wealthy household (p<0.0001) and of nuclear household type (p<0.036) had a higher OHL level. Women in Pikine have low OHL and are from working- class households. Therefore, oral health policies must take into account the women's social network contribution to the OHL improvement.

Superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in rural area of Ferlo in Senegal

Teeth are physiological phenomenon that appears in child and who begins around 6 to 8 months after birth. The aim of this work was to study superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in the mothers peulhs of Ferlo in Senegal. The research method was a descriptive and qualitative study; comprising questioning the mothers of children in the phase of active teeth eruption by structured, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Information collected were related to the signs and symptoms of teeth, the superstitions associated with the dental age of eruption, the first type of tooth on the arcade, the rhizalyse and the practices of oral hygiene in the child. Data were analysed manually and presented in framed and of verbatims. From the findings, it is seen that fever, the diarrhoea, the vomiting and the dribbles constituted the principal signs. The native or neonatal tooth and the use of the stick rub-tooth to clean the teeth in the evening and the phenomenon of rhizalyse were related to superstitious interpretations. Programs of information and communication would make it possible to better sensitize the populations to optimize the good practices in the children in active phase of teeth eruption

Relation entre santé parodontale chez la femme enceinte et faible poids du nouveau-né à la naissance à Dakar/Sénégal: étude cas-témoin

INTRODUCTION: Plusieurs facteurs de risques ont été incriminés dans la survenue du faible poids. Cependant Barnett et al trouvent que 25% des naissances de faible poids ou prématurés se produisent sans facteurs de risque connus. La relation entre la maladie parodontale et la grossesse et particulièrement le faible poids à la naissance a été évoquée par Offenbacher en 1996. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier la relation état parodontal chez la femme enceinte et la survenue du faible poids à la naissance du nouveau-né. MÉTHODE: L'étude était de type cas-témoin portant sur 397 patients dont 129 femmes enceintes donnant un bébé de faible poids (cas) versus 258 femmes enceintes donnant un bébé de poids normal (témoins). Les données collectées concernaient les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, les habitudes de vie, les données concernant le faible poids et celles parodontales : indice de plaque, indice de saignement papillaire perte d'attache clinique, profondeur de poche et le CPITN. Les données en analyse univariée étaient exprimées en proportions et moyennes puis des rapports de cotes avec leurs intervalles de confiance en analyse multivariée. RÉSULTATS: Les caractéristiques parodontales sont plus élevées chez les cas que chez les témoins. Il apparait que la parodontite était significativement associée au faible poids (P= 0,00013) ajustée sur l'âge de la mère, l'IMC et les autres paramètres parodontaux. L'âge de la mère et l'indice de plaque étaient marginalement associés au faible poids (P= 0,05 et 0,053) tandis que l'IMC, l'indice gingival et de saignement papillaire étaient aussi associés à la survenue du faible poids

The role of health insurance in the coverage of oral health care in Senegal

Oral diseases costs are among the most expensive health care benefits. In Senegal, households contribute up to 37.6% of the national health spending through direct payments. The aim of this work was to study the role of health insurance in the coverage of oral health care in Senegal. The study was based on health insurance agents and policyholders. The study reveals that oral health care coverage through health insurance still does not meet requirements for treatment of oral infections. In financial terms, oral health care costs health insurance too much. As a result, carriers cover them partially. On top of that, the majority of the population's lack of knowledge about mutual, because they have a little background on oral health care, the latter weighs heavily on health insurance leading to the use of self-medication, traditional medicine and handicraft prosthetists. The analysis reveals an unequal access to oral health care through the health insurance system. To bring under control the expenditure for oral health care, carriers and dental surgeons must work together to raise the populations' awareness on community solidarity